- Ukungezwani nesikhumba kubangelwa ukusabela ngokweqile kwamasosha omzimba ezintweni ezingenangozi, okubonakala njengokusabela kokungezwani komzimba kwezinhlobo 1 kuya ku-4.
- Izimo ezivamile zifaka phakathi i-atopic dermatitis, i-contact dermatitis, ama-hives, kanye ne-angioedema, ngayinye inezimbangela ezihlukile kanye nokubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo.
- Ukuphathwa kugxila ekugwemeni i-allergen, ukulungiswa kwezithiyo zesikhumba ngokuswakama, kanye nokwelashwa okusukela kuma-steroid angaphandle kuya ekwelashweni kwezinto eziphilayo.
Wake wazizwa ukulunywa okungazelelwe, okucasulayo noma wabona ukuqhuma okungajwayelekile kuvela ngokuzumayo? Awuwedwa. Ukungezwani nesikhumba kwenzeka lapho amasosha omzimba wakho eba ngokweqile , ephatha izinto ezingenabungozi njengempova , izindwangu ezithile , noma insipho ethile njengokungathi ziyizihlaseli eziyingozi. Lokhu kuxubana kwezinto eziphilayo kuholela kulokho odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi yi-hypersensitivity, lapho indlela yokuzivikela yomzimba wakho igcina ibangela inkinga enkulu kunalokho obekungaba yikho.
Lokhu kusabela akugcini nje ngokuba bomvu okuncane; kungahluka kusukela ekucasukeni okuncane kuya ezigamekweni ezinzima, ezisongela impilo njengokushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic. Ngenxa yokuthi isikhumba sethu siyisithiyo esiyinhloko phakathi kwangaphakathi kwethu nomhlaba wangaphandle, ngokuvamile kuyindawo yokuqala lapho lezi zimpi zokungezwani komzimba zidlala khona. Ukuqonda ukuthi ubhekene nokuqhuma kwesikhashana noma isimo esingamahlalakhona kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokubuyisela isikhumba sakho esimweni esijwayelekile.
Ukuqonda Izindlela Zokusabela Kwesikhumba
Empeleni, ukungezwani nesikhumba kuyiphutha lesistimu yomzimba yokuzivikela. Kuye ngokuthi umzimba wakho usabela kanjani, ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bahlukanisa lokhu njengokusabela kwe-hypersensitivity . Ukusabela kohlobo 1 yikona okusebenza ngokushesha, okuvame ukuqhutshwa ama-antibodies e-IgE, kuyilapho ukusabela kohlobo 4 kuyephuza, okusho ukuthi ungase ungakuboni ukuqubuka kuze kube yizinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kokuvezwa.
Izinhlobo Ezivamile Zokungezwani Nesikhumba
- I-Urticaria (i-Hives): Lezi yizikhukhula ezivamile eziphakanyisiwe nezilumayo. Zenzeka lapho umzimba ukhipha i-histamine, okwenza imithambo yegazi emincane ivuze futhi ibangele ukuvuvukala kwendawo. Ama-hives angaba yingozi kakhulu (okuthatha amasonto ambalwa) noma okungapheliyo (okuhlala izinyanga noma iminyaka). Ngokuthakazelisayo, zingabangelwa yizinkinga zangaphakathi njengokutheleleka kwamagciwane noma izifo zesistimu ezifana ne-lupus, kanye nezici zangaphandle ezifana ne-shellfish, i-penicillin, noma ngisho nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa ngokuzumayo.
- I-Atopic Dermatitis (i-Eczema): Lesi yisimo esingamahlalakhona, esivame ufuzo esivame kakhulu ezinganeni. Sihlotshaniswa ne- ukuntuleka kweprotheni ye-filagrin, okwenza isivikelo sesikhumba “sivuthe,” okuvumela umswakama ukuba uphume futhi izinto ezicasulayo zingene. Ngokuvamile kubonakala emagoqweni ezindololwaneni nasemadolweni, yize ezinganeni, ubuso buvame ukuba yisona sisulu esiyinhloko. Buvame ukuhamba ngephakethe eline-asthma kanye ne-hay fever, into eyaziwa ngokuthi i- imashi ye-atopic.
- I-Alergic Contact Dermatitis (ACD): Lokhu kwenzeka lapho isikhumba sakho sithinta ngokoqobo into esiyizondayo. Izimbangela ezivame ukuba khona zifaka phakathi ubucwebe be-nickel ezimpahleni, amakha ezimonyweni, i-latex, noma izitshalo ezifana ne-poison ivy. Lokhu kuvame ukubhekwa njengengozi emsebenzini kubantu abasebenza ngepulasitiki, upende, noma amakhemikhali ezimboni.
- I-Angioedema: Nakuba ama-hives ethinta indawo engaphezulu, i-angioedema ukuvuvukala okujulile. Ivame ukushaya izicubu ezithambile njengezindebe, izinkophe, noma izitho zangasese. Nakuba ivame ukuhambisana nama-hives, i-angioedema yefa (HAE) uhlobo olungavamile lwezakhi zofuzo olungavimba ngendlela eyingozi imigudu yomoya futhi lungaphenduli emithini evamile yokungezwani komzimba.
Ukubona Izimpawu
Nakuba ukulunywa nokubomvu kuyizinto “ezimbili ezinkulu” cishe kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokungezwani komzimba nesikhumba, imininingwane ibalulekile. I-Atopic dermatitis ivame ukubonakala njengokoma okukhulu kanye namabala anamabala aphuma uketshezi uma eklwejwa. Ama-hives afana namaqhubu ashintshashintshayo anganyamalala ngemizuzu embalwa bese evelela kwenye indawo. I-contact dermatitis ivame ukuhlala ivalekile endaweni ethinte i-allergen, okuvame ukuholela emaqhubu amancane noma ukuvuvukala ngemuva kweminwe noma ezihlakaleni.
Indlela Yokuthola Ukuxilongwa Okufanele
Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi yini ebangela isiphithiphithi, uchwepheshe onjengodokotela wezifo zokungezwani komzimba noma udokotela wesikhumba angenza izivivinyo ezimbalwa. Izivivinyo ze-patch ziyindinganiso yegolide ye-contact dermatitis, lapho inani elincane lento esolwayo libekwa emhlane amahora angu-48 ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini ukusabela. Ku-allergies yohlobo 1, odokotela bangase basebenzise izivivinyo zokubhoboza isikhumba noma ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze bathole izinto ezithile ezibangela lokhu njengezinambuzane zothuli noma i-dander yezilwane ezifuywayo.
Amasu Okwelapha Nokuphatha
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokusingatha noma yikuphi ukungezwani nesikhumba ukuyeka ukuchayeka kulokho okubangela ukuqubuka . Uma usuwazi ukuthi yini ebangela ukuqubuka, ukugwema umngane wakho omkhulu. Ezimweni ezincane, ama-cold compress kanye ne-calamine lotion kungasusa ukushaqeka. Uma isikhumba somile kakhulu, ikakhulukazi nge-eczema, ukusebenzisa ama-moisturizer aqinile noma ama-barrier cream izikhathi eziningana ngosuku kubalulekile ukuze kumiswe umjikelezo "wokushaqeka kokushaqeka".
Uma amakhambi asekhaya enganele, ukungenelela kwezokwelapha kuyasetshenziswa. Ama-corticosteroids asetshenziswa endaweni ethile avame ukusetshenziselwa ukwehlisa ukuvuvukala, aqala ngezinguqulo ezinamandla zokuqeda ukuvuvukala bese eshintshela kwezithambile njenge-hydrocortisone ukuze kugcinwe ukuqina. Ku-dermatitis ye-atopic engapheli, umuthi wesimanje wethule ama-biologics afana ne-Dupilumab noma i-JAK inhibitors, ahlose izindlela ezithile zokuzivikela ezibangela ukuvuvukala. Kuma-hives, ama-antihistamine omlomo avame ukuba yindlela ethandwayo, yize amanye amacala angapheli angadinga i-Omalizumab.
Usizo Lwemvelo Nokunakekelwa Kwasekhaya
Kulabo abafuna indlela ethambile, amanye amakhambi asetshenziswe isikhathi eside anganikeza impumuzo. Amabhati e-oatmeal e-Colloidal ayamangalisa ngoba i-oatmeal inezakhiwo zemvelo zokulwa nokuvuvukala. Ama-baking soda paste angasiza futhi ukulinganisela i-pH yesikhumba futhi adambise ukucasuka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenzisa ijeli le-aloe vera elihlanzekile noma uwoyela kakhukhunathi kunganikeza umphumela wokupholisa futhi kusize ukuvala umswakama wesikhumba esicasukile.
Imikhuba Yansuku Zonke Yokuvimbela
Ukugcina indawo yakho ihlanzekile kuwusizo olukhulu; ukuhlanza njalo kunciphisa izibungu zothuli, okuyisisusa esivamile kwabaningi. Ukushintshela ensipheni engenawo amakha futhi ekhululekile kungavimbela ukucasuka okwengeziwe. Njengoba ukucindezeleka kungabangela ukusha kwesikhumba, ukufaka ukuzindla noma ukuzivocavoca ohlelweni lwakho kungavimbela amasosha omzimba wakho ukuba angasabeli ngokweqile. Okokugcina, uma uke waba nokusabela okunzima esikhathini esidlule, ukuphatha i-epinephrine auto-injector kuyasindisa impilo uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo esingazelelwe.
Ukubhekana nokungezwani komzimba nesikhumba kudinga inhlanganisela yokuhlonza izimbangela, ukulungisa isithiyo sesikhumba ngokufaka amanzi emzimbeni, kanye nokusebenzisa imithi efanele ngaphansi kwesiqondiso sochwepheshe. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungokugwema ubucwebe be-nickel, ukulawula ukucindezeleka, noma ukusebenzisa izindlela zokwelapha zebhayoloji ezithuthukisiwe, umgomo uwukuzinzisa impendulo yomzimba nokugcina isikhumba sivikelekile endaweni ezungezile.
Unjiniyela. I-Tech, isofthiwe nesithandi sehadiwe kanye ne-tech blogger kusukela ngo-2012
